![]() ![]() The overall quality of the studies was not good enough to make firm recommendations on using the MoCA to detect dementia in different healthcare settings. In the studies we reviewed, over 40% of people without dementia would have been incorrectly diagnosed with dementia using the MoCA. ![]() On the other hand, the test also produced a high proportion of false positives, that is people who did not have dementia but tested positive at the 'less than 26' cut‐off. In the studies that used this cut‐off, we found the test correctly detected over 94% of people with dementia in all settings. We found that MoCA was good at detecting dementia when using a recognised cut‐off score of less than 26. There was a large variation in the way the different studies were carried out: therefore we chose to present the results in a narrative summary because a statistical summary (combining all the estimates into a summary sensitivity and specificity) would not have been meaningful. ![]() The proportion of people with dementia was 5% to 10% in two population‐derived studies and 22% to 54% in the five clinic‐based studies. There were a total 9422 people included in all 7 studies though only one study had more than 350 people. All studies included older people, with the youngest average age of 61 years in one study. There were three from memory clinics (specialist clinics where people are referred for suspected dementia), two from general hospital clinics, none from primary care and two studies carried out in the general population. We found seven studies that matched our criteria. The evidence we reviewed is current to August 2012. MoCA uses a series of questions to test different aspects of mental functioning. In this review, we wanted to discover whether using a well‐established cognitive test, MoCA, could accurately detect dementia when compared to a gold standard diagnostic test. We reviewed the evidence about the accuracy of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test for detecting dementia.ĭementia is a common condition in older people, with at least 7% of people over 65 years old in the UK affected, and numbers are increasing worldwide. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for the detection of dementia We also searched for relevant grey literature from the Web of Science Core Collection, including Science Citation Index and Conference Proceedings Citation Index (Thomson Reuters Web of Science), PhD theses and contacted researchers with potential relevant data. We identified further relevant studies from the PubMed ‘related articles’ feature and by tracking key studies in Science Citation Index and Scopus. We also searched ALOIS (Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group specialized register of diagnostic and intervention studies). In addition, we searched specialised sources containing diagnostic studies and reviews, including MEDION (Meta‐analyses van Diagnostisch Onderzoek), DARE (Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects), HTA (Health Technology Assessment Database), ARIF (Aggressive Research Intelligence Facility) and C‐EBLM (International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Committee for Evidence‐based Laboratory Medicine) databases. This research also suggests that conventional use of the MoCA as a screening tool for MCI might be problematic in cultures different from that in which the cutoff was developed.We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS Previews, Science Citation Index, PsycINFO and LILACS databases to August 2012. Conclusion: This study provided normative data for the MoCA in a Japanese community-dwelling older population. Normative data for MoCA scores were presented with respect to age and education. The regression analysis showed that higher age and fewer years of formal education were associated with lower MoCA scores (p < 0.001). Additionally, 82.6% of MoCA scores fell below the standard cutoff of 26 points for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Results: The mean MoCA score observed (21.8 points) was lower than that for normal controls (27.4 points) in the original validation study of the MoCA. After descriptive and regression analyses, normative data were developed for MoCA scores in the population. Methods: In a Japanese town, 1,977 participants aged 65 years or older (mean age 73.6 years male 41.3%) completed MoCA tests. The purpose of this study was to provide normative data for the MoCA in Japanese community-dwelling older people. Background: Although the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is acknowledged as a promising neuropsychological tool, its normative data for older populations have not been established yet. ![]()
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